Abstract The successful return of the OSIRIS-REx Sample Return Capsule (SRC) in September 2023 has provided the planetary science community with an unprecedented reservoir of pristine extraterrestrial material. Analysis of the 121.6 grams of regolith from asteroid (101955) Bennu has revealed a celestial body of immense chemical complexity: a carrier of ancient presolar grains derived from supernovae, a host to water-soluble magnesium-sodium phosphates indicative of a paleocea

1. Introduction: The Electrified Red Planet The exploration of Mars has been defined by a progressive unveiling of its dynamic nature. Once thought to be a geologically dead world, frozen in time, the Red Planet has revealed itself through decades of robotic scrutiny to be a place of active processes: shifting dunes, seasonal volatile cycles, and ubiquitous dust transport. Among the most persistent and elusive questions in Martian planetary science has been the existence of a

The solar-terrestrial interaction represents one of the most dynamic and consequential frontiers in modern astrophysics and geophysics. In November 2025, the near-Earth space environment experienced a severe and complex perturbation driven by a sequence of homologous intense solar eruptive events originating from Active Region 4274 (AR4274). This period, characterized by four major X-class solar flares including an X5.1 event, provided a unique observational window into the c

In a dramatic and unprecedented series of events, the China Manned Space Agency (CMSA) successfully returned three taikonauts to Earth on November 14, 2025, after their original spacecraft was deemed unsafe for re-entry. This success, however, was achieved by utilizing the "lifeboat" of the newly arrived crew, leaving the current three residents of the Tiangong space station  temporarily stranded in orbit without a viable return vehicle. The incident marks the first major in-

In the latter half of 2025, astronomical observations have been dominated by two significant cometary discoveries, providing an exceptional opportunity for comparative planetology. The first, 3I/ATLAS , has been unequivocally confirmed as only the third interstellar object (ISO) ever detected traversing our solar system. The second, C/2025 V1 , has been classified as a dynamically new comet making its maiden voyage from the distant Oort Cloud. The simultaneous study of a pris